There are over 30 country parks in Wales. 威尔士有超过30个郊野公园.
Thousands of people visit them every year. 每年都有成千上万的人去拜访他们.
Some are old estates of wealthy landlords. 有些是富有地主的老庄园.
Some are old industrial sites. 有些是旧工业用地.
The parks are usually close to towns 公园通常靠近城镇
and that's because they have been set aside for us to enjoy 那是因为它们被留出来让我们享受
on our doorstep.But what I like about them most is that they're 在我们家门口.但我最喜欢他们的是
great places for wildlife. 野生动物的好去处.
If you keep your eyes open,you will see some great sights. 如果你睁大眼睛,你会看到一些很棒的景点.
You would think I was right out in the countryside, 你会以为我就在乡下,
in the middle of nowhere, 在荒无人烟的地方,
maybe on the edge of a moorland,here - but you'd be wrong. 也许在荒原的边缘,在这里-但你会错的.
Look again,these hills behind me - well,they're not hills, 再看,我身后的这些小山--好吧,它们不是小山,
it's an old coal tip and now nature has taken over completely 这是一个古老的煤尖,现在大自然已经完全接管了
with the heather,the gorse and these grasses. 还有石南花,金雀花和这些草.
And this is a really special place. 这是一个非常特别的地方.
This is the Dare Valley Country Park, 这是敢谷郊野公园,
right on the edge of the Brecon Beacons. 就在布雷肯灯塔的边缘.
Up to around 50 years ago, 大约50年前,
most of the South Wales Valleys,like this one near Aberdare, 南威尔士的大部分山谷,就像亚伯达尔附近的这个山谷,
were dominated by coal mines. 以煤矿为主.
The mines have now gone, 地雷现在已经消失了,
and here in Dare Valley,500 acres of country park 这里是达尔谷,500英亩的郊野公园
has been created in their place. 是在他们的位置上创造出来的.
It's amazing to think that things have changed so much, 想到事情发生了这么大的变化,真是太神奇了,
in only 50 years as well,really. 也只用了50年,真的.
All of these trees you see behind me,these are all new. 你在我身后看到的这些树都是新的.
Some of the older ones would have been here,maybe. 也许有些老的会在这里.
But where I'm stood now,this was a mine. 但我现在站在那里,这是一个地雷.
This was a mine site here,so all of that has been dug away, 这是一个矿场,所以所有这些都被挖走了,
they've taken all the spoil away,they've re-landscaped it. 他们把所有的战利品都拿走了,他们把它重新美化了.
They've created a big old weir,steps for the river, 他们建造了一个古老的大堰,通往河流的台阶,
and that is the River Dare. 那就是河胆.
You know,in the 1960s,that would have been toxic, 你知道,在20世纪60年代,那会是有毒的,
there would have been nothing living in there. 那里什么也没有.
Now,in the river,in the lake here,you've got invertebrates, 现在,在河里,在湖里,你有无脊椎动物,
you've got fish,you've even got a dipper, 你有鱼,你甚至有北斗七星,
a pair of dippers nesting in there. 一对在那里筑巢的潜水者.
I just find that absolutely incredible. 我觉得这绝对不可思议.
And the nest is in this culvert here, 巢穴就在这里的涵洞里,
a perfectly safe place,cos it's deep water, 一个非常安全的地方,因为它是深水,
they're up the side of a concrete wall, 他们在混凝土墙的一侧,
so something like mink can't get at them. 所以像水貂这样的东西是对付不了他们的.
It's the perfect place,really. 这是个完美的地方,真的.
Dare Valley Country Park opened in 1974. 大谷郊野公园于1974年开业.
It was the first country park in Wales and the first in Britain 它是威尔士第一个郊野公园,也是英国第一个
to be built on reclaimed land. 建在填海土地上.
The park's warden,Wayne Jones,used to be a coal miner himself. 公园的管理员韦恩*琼斯（Wayne Jones）曾经是一名煤矿工人.
I tell you what,it's a fair old climb,isn't it? 我告诉你,这是一个相当古老的攀登,不是吗？
Yes,it is.I thought one of us was going to go over for a minute. 是的,是的.我以为我们中的一个要过去一分钟.
And this,then,this must be part of the old tip. 而这个,那么,这一定是旧提示的一部分.
Yes,that's the old spoil,what was taken up from down the bottom end 是的,那是旧的宠儿,从下端拿走的东西
and transferred up to here. 然后转移到这里.
That's old slag,isn't it? 那是老渣,不是吗？
Coal slag.So there's a huge mound of it, 煤渣.所以有一个巨大的土堆,
this one and another one over there.Yeah. 那边的一个和另一个.是的.
But this is all that's left,is it? This is all that's left. 但只剩下这些了,对吧？ 剩下的就这些了.
Altogether,then,how many mines would there have been? 那么,总共会有多少地雷？
There would have been 19 mines in Dare Valley itself, 在达尔谷本身就会有19个地雷,
including some drift mines. 包括一些漂移地雷.
Do you remember this as it used to be? 你还记得以前的样子吗？
I remember seeing the buckets coming up 我记得看到水桶上来了
and the spoil being tipped up here. 还有被放在这里的战利品.
And it looked incredible. 它看起来令人难以置信.
That's all you could see,was black. 这就是你能看到的,是黑色的.
It's just remarkable,I think,how everything has gone. 我想,一切都变得很了不起.
All the metalwork,all the buildings,they've all gone, 所有的金属制品,所有的建筑,都消失了,
and what's wonderful,from my point of view,is the fact you see 从我的角度来看,最棒的是你所看到的事实
the gorse,the heather,the trees,nature has taken over,hasn't it? 高尔基,石南花,树木,大自然已经接管了,不是吗？
It has,yes,it's done a very good job of it as well. 是的,它也做得很好.
And this is what's left,you haven't planted anything. 这就是剩下的,你什么都没种.
No,it's all been regenerated, 不,都再生了,
we haven't done any planting whatsoever. 我们什么都没种.
It's all regenerated,nature has taken its course. 一切都是再生的,大自然已经顺其自然了.
As well as open land,there are pockets of woodlands in the valley. 除了开阔的土地,山谷中还有林地.
Some of them are quite old 他们中的一些是相当老
and would have been here during the mining periods. 在采矿期间会在这里.
It's now early May and summer migrants from Africa have arrived. 现在是五月初,来自非洲的夏季移民已经抵达.
Just come out to the woodland now and there a lot of warblers, 现在就到林地里来,那里有很多莺,
here's a blackcap singing, 这里有一个黑帽唱歌,
a chiffchaff,a willow warbler here as well.And one or two of them 这里还有一只雪纺,一只柳莺.其中一两个
are nest-building because they've got grass and other nest material 筑巢是因为它们有草和其他筑巢材料
and so on,with a feather in its beak,so they will be nesting 以此类推,喙里有一根羽毛,所以它们会筑巢
somewhere on the edge here. 在边缘的某个地方.
And I'll tell you what I've just seen,and it's a really good find, 我会告诉你我刚刚看到的,这是一个很好的发现,
a little butterfly.It looks more like a moth, 一只小蝴蝶.它看起来更像一只飞蛾,
but it's called a dingy skipper - not a great name - 但它被称为一个肮脏的船长-不是一个伟大的名字 -
but it describes the butterfly perfectly,really, 但它完美地描述了蝴蝶,真的,
because it's grey and brown. 因为它是灰色和棕色的.
It's not attractive at all,but this is perfect for it. 它根本没有吸引力,但这是完美的.
It looks like an old meadow - you've got meadow ants here as well - 它看起来像一个古老的草地-你在这里也有草地蚂蚁 -
but it isn't,it's an old coal heap where they put some soil back, 但它不是,这是一个古老的煤堆,他们把一些土壤放回去,
but it's thin soil and underneath all of this, 但它是薄薄的土壤,在这一切的下面,
you can see an ants' nest here. 你可以在这里看到蚂蚁的巢穴.
If you were to dig down underneath all of this, 如果你在这一切的下面挖下去,
you would have all bits of coal and shale and that warms up 你会得到所有的煤和页岩,然后就会变暖
very,very quickly,so it's good for invertebrates.Bear in mind, 非常,非常快,所以它对无脊椎动物有好处.记住,
this is quite a scarce butterfly,cos it used to be quite widespread 这是一只相当稀少的蝴蝶,因为它曾经很普遍
and it does well here because of all of these old coal tips. 它在这里做得很好,因为所有这些旧的煤尖.
You haven't got tall vegetation, 你没有高大的植被,
you've got a variety of plants and,as I say,it warms up quickly. 你有各种各样的植物,正如我所说,它很快就会变暖.
That's nice,I've just found out 很好,我刚发现
where one of these warblers is building its nest 其中一只莺正在筑巢
and he's back and forth like a yo-yo at the moment. 他现在像溜溜球一样来回走动.
There he goes,he's just gone out again now. 他走了,他又出去了.
There he goes now,just in the bush. 他现在走了,就在灌木丛里.
He's landing in these small bushes here,he's dropping onto the floor, 他降落在这些小灌木丛里,他掉在地板上,
he's picking up bits of moss, 他在捡苔藓,
sometimes it might be a beak full of grass.Once there was a big feather, 有时它可能是一个充满草的喙.曾经有一根大羽毛,
as well,and then he's taking all of that to the base of a big ant hill 还有,然后他把所有的东西都带到一个大蚂蚁山的底部
over there.I'll bet the nest is right at the bottom in that base, 在那边.我敢打赌巢就在那个基地的底部,
so he will be building that, 所以他会建造它,
he will be finished that job probably in two or three days. 他大概两三天就能完成那项工作.
It's a great little spot for them. 这对他们来说是个好地方.
There he goes again.Off he goes into the tree now. 他又来了.他现在走到树上.
They're busy,they're like yo-yos, 他们很忙,就像溜溜球,
they're back and forth,all the time. 他们一直在来回.
The heat of early spring sunshine always triggers activity and you can 早春阳光的热量总是触发活动,你可以
quite easily miss some nice views if you don't keep your eyes open. 如果你不睁大眼睛,很容易错过一些美丽的景色.
There's a surprising amount of wildlife 这里有数量惊人的野生动物
just in a little patch like this. 就在这样的小补丁里.
The thing is,we've got to look really,really hard for it. 问题是,我们必须非常非常努力地寻找它.
I'm looking for lizards 我在找蜥蜴
and in ground like this,they like basking on grassy tumps. 在这样的地面上,他们喜欢在草地上晒太阳.
And the reason they are just on these tumps is a variety of reasons. 而他们只是在这些tumps上的原因是各种各样的原因.
First of all,they blend in quite well.These are quite young, 首先,它们融合得很好.这些都很年轻,
probably one year old,I think. 我想大概有一岁了.
When they're young,they're quite dark and as they get older, 当他们年轻的时候,他们很黑,随着年龄的增长,
they tend to get lighter,so they're pretty well camouflaged. 它们往往会变轻,所以伪装得很好.
The second reason is the old grass, 第二个原因是老草,
last year's grass,stays attached,but it dies back. 去年的草,保持连接,但它死了回来.
That's all the yellow stuff you see here,and that will heat up quickly. 这就是你在这里看到的所有黄色的东西,而且会很快升温.
So these lizards have to warm up from the heat of the sun 所以这些蜥蜴必须从太阳的热量中热身
and on here,not just do they get the heat of the sun, 在这里,他们不仅能得到太阳的热量,
but they get the heat of the old grass as well. 但他们也得到了老草的热量.
And,of course,the last thing,really, 当然,最后一件事,真的,
is if I was to get too close,they would need to disappear 如果我离得太近,他们就得消失了
and they can disappear right in the middle of this tump 它们就会消失在这个罐子的中间
and once they're gone,they're gone. 一旦他们走了,他们就走了.
I'll never find them once they're gone. 他们一走我就找不到了.
Dare Valley Country Park extends all the way up a glacial valley 大谷郊野公园一直延伸到冰川谷
known locally as the Darren. 在当地被称为达伦.
It's great walking country. 这是个很棒的步行之乡.
And there are quite a few walking groups that use the park. 而且有相当多的步行团体使用公园.
Lee and Julie organise some of the walks. 李和朱莉组织了一些散步.
Hello,there,are you all right? 你好,你没事吧？
Hello.I knew this was a busy park,I didn't realise it was this busy. 你好！.我知道这是一个繁忙的公园,我没有意识到这是如此繁忙.
What is this,a walking group? 这是什么,步行组？
Yes,it's a local walking group.We set it up of two years ago 是的,这是一个当地的步行团体.我们两年前设立的
and it's just grown from strength to strength,really. 它只是从力量成长为力量,真的.
So,is this one of those Nordic walking groups? 那么,这是北欧健走团体之一吗？
Nordic walking groups,yeah,yeah,yeah.So you use the poles? 北欧健走团体,是的,是的,是的.所以你用电线杆？
Yeah,you use the poles to push yourself forward and it engages 是啊,你用电线杆把自己向前推,它就会吸引人
the upper body and all of that,you know. 上半身和所有这些,你知道的.
See,I've always liked having my hands free. 看,我一直喜欢自由自在.
Yeah.So I could look at the birds or fish or flowers or lizards 是的.这样我就能看到鸟、鱼、花、蜥蜴
or whatever it is.Yeah. 不管是什么.是的.
But it's kind of an exercise in its own right. 但这本身就是一种练习.
So,how often do you meet,then? Every week we meet on a Wednesday, 那么,你们多久见面一次？ 每周我们都在星期三见面,
but there are other groups that meet as well,which Lee organises, 但也有其他一些团体也会开会,这是李组织的,
but our group is a Wednesday one. 但我们的小组是星期三的.
It's busy! It's fantastic.That's brilliant. 它很忙！ 太棒了.太棒了.
We use the park well and we go round lots of areas in the park. 我们很好地利用公园,在公园里绕了很多地方.
It's one of the best kept secrets in the valley,to be honest, 说实话,这是山谷中最保守的秘密之一,
we're just on the fringes of the Beacons. 我们只是在灯塔的边缘.
It's a great place. 这是个好地方.
And I'm local,I'm bound to say that,so...Well,it is lovely. 我是本地人,我肯定会这么说的...很可爱.
It is lovely,the variety,and on a day like this,you can't go wrong. 它很可爱,种类繁多,在这样的一天,你不会出错.
No.No. 非也..非也..
Early the next morning, 第二天一大早,
I'm taking a walk myself to the base of the Darren. 我要自己去达伦的基地散散步.
In particular,I'm looking for bird activity in the valley. 特别是,我正在寻找山谷中的鸟类活动.
So,one of the many things I love about this park 所以,我喜欢这个公园的许多事情之一
is that the wardens have built this viewing platform up here, 是监狱长在这里建了这个观景台吗？,
and it's in a great location,cos you're at tree level, 它在一个很好的位置,因为你在树的水平,
right to the tops of the trees,so you can see all around you. 就在树顶,这样你就可以看到你周围的一切.
And hopefully,on a spring morning like this,I can hear the birds - 希望在这样一个春天的早晨,我能听到鸟儿的叫声 -
and there's a lot of birdsong - and if anything moves,I should be able 还有很多鸟鸣--如果有什么动静,我应该可以
to see it from up here. 从上面看.
The loudest bird in the woodland is a wren. 林地里最响亮的鸟是一只貂.
As it's small and not very colourful, 因为它很小,色彩也不多,
it needs to be loud to attract a mate. 它需要大声吸引伴侣.
And for a little bird, 为了一只小鸟,
well,he's making the loudest noise in the valley. 他在山谷里发出最响亮的声音.
High up on the Darren,another bird is calling. 在达伦高处,另一只鸟在呼唤.
It's a peregrine falcon, 是游隼,
one of Wales' top predators,and he's greeting his mate. 威尔士最大的掠食者之一,他在问候他的伴侣.
Glacial valleys like Cwmdare are perfect places for peregrines, 像Cwmdare这样的冰川山谷是游隼的完美去处,
it gives them great views of any passing prey, 它能让他们看到任何掠过的猎物,
and the inaccessible ledges are safe nesting sites. 无法进入的壁架是安全的筑巢地点.
The pair's been very,very active now. 两人现在非常非常活跃.
It's the second week of May and I'd expect them to be on eggs by now. 这是五月的第二个星期,我希望他们现在已经在鸡蛋上了.
They should be on eggs towards the end of April, 它们应该在四月底吃鸡蛋,
but they're definitely not,cos the male and the female 但他们绝对不是,因为男性和女性
have been up and about,flying around, 一直在飞来飞去,
calling a lot. 经常打电话.
And it's typical activity before she lays her eggs. 这是她产卵前的典型活动.
She's now sitting up on a tree branch up there. 她现在坐在上面的一根树枝上.
She's not concerned about going back onto the nesting ledge at all, 她根本不关心回到筑巢的窗台上,
so my guess is she's probably just about to lay, 所以我猜她可能正要上床,
probably in the next few days now. 可能在接下来的几天里.
By mid-summer,while peregrines have finished their nesting 到了仲夏,游隼已经完成了筑巢
on the Darren,cattle have appeared on the wet grassland. 上,湿漉漉的草原上已经出现了牛.
They're part of a grazing and fire protection project. 他们是放牧和防火项目的一部分.
Dry grasses and dense vegetation are flammable and fires can be a problem 干燥的草和茂密的植被是易燃的,火灾可能是一个问题
on the uplands of South Wales. 在南威尔士的高地上.
Emma Douglas works with a grazing conservation organisation 艾玛*道格拉斯与一个放牧保护组织合作
that promotes improved grazing habitats in Wales. 这促进了威尔士的放牧栖息地的改善.
The cows are here.Yeah,they are.How many have you got in all here? 牛来了.是的,他们是.你这里有多少人？
I think there's six here altogether with the calves at foot. 我想这里总共有六只小腿在步行.
I tell you what,if these were dogs,I'd call them mongrels. 我告诉你,如果这些是狗,我会叫它们杂种.
You'd be right! Are they? They are mongrels,are they? Yep. 你说得对！ 是吗？ 他们是杂种,对吧？ 是的.
They're continental crosses,a bit of a mixture. 它们是大陆十字架,有点混合.
So why are you using cattle to graze here,then? 那你为什么要用牛来这里放牧呢？
Why not sheep? Well,cattle,they like to grab the vegetation 为什么不是羊？ 牛,他们喜欢抓草
with their tongue and they pull it up,so it's not physically possible 用他们的舌头把它拉起来,所以这在物理上是不可能的
for them to graze very close to the ground. 让他们在离地面很近的地方吃草.
It gives a great sward structure, 它提供了一个伟大的sward结构,
which is beneficial to things like reptiles and invertebrates. 这对爬行动物和无脊椎动物都是有益的.
And it gets rid of the more dominant vegetation,like the rushes 它摆脱了更主要的植被,比如灯芯草
and the grasses,to allow more floristic diversity. 和草,以允许更多的植物多样性.
And also when they lie up,you know,which they do,they like to eat, 当他们躺着的时候,你知道,他们喜欢吃东西,
and then they lie down and chew the cud 然后他们躺下来咀嚼
and then they create these lovely flattened areas, 然后他们创造了这些可爱的平坦区域,
again,more structure within the sward. 再次,更多的结构内的sward.
I tell you what was lovely,as I walked up here,I saw Ragged-Robin, 我告诉你什么是可爱的,当我走到这里,我看到衣衫褴褛的罗宾,
I saw cottongrass,I saw frogs everywhere,and pasture like this, 我看到cottongrass,我看到青蛙到处都是,像这样的牧场,
I suppose at one time,would have been common all over Wales? 我想有一段时间,在威尔士会很常见吗?
Absolutely.Particularly on the South Wales coal fields, 绝对正确.特别是在南威尔士的煤田,
there would have been swathes of this grassland. 这片草原会有很长一段.
So does that mean that even when coal mining in the Dare Valley 那么这是否意味着即使在Dare山谷采煤时
was at its height,this probably wouldn't have been touched,then, 在它的高度,这可能不会被触及,那么,
would it? It appears not,and obviously that,over time, 会吗？ 它似乎不是,而且显然,随着时间的推移,
decided to decrease and then we got a lot of rank grasses, 决定减少,然后我们得到了很多等级的草,
which was routinely set fire to, 它经常被放火焚烧,
and now that the grazing has been reintroduced here, 现在放牧被重新引入这里,
it's actually reduced the fire risk, 它实际上降低了火灾风险,
there hasn't been a fire here since the grazing's been...Oh,fantastic. 自从放牧以来,这里就没有发生过火灾...哦,太棒了.
And this is what you would term as rhos pasture,is it? 这就是你所说的罗斯牧场,对吧？
Yes,rhos pasture. 是的,罗斯牧场.
Which means what? Just wet pasture? Wet pasture,yeah. 这意味着什么？ 只是潮湿的牧场？ 潮湿的牧场,是的.
I tell you,I like cows,I really like seeing cows out on the pasture, 我告诉你,我喜欢牛,我真的很喜欢在牧场上看到牛,
out on the hill,and for me to come and see this and see all the flowers 在山上,让我来看看这个,看到所有的花
and everything,it's just stunning. 所有的一切,都太棒了.
The pasture is full of a variety of insects. 牧场上到处都是各种各样的昆虫.
It's clearly a fantastic habitat. 这显然是一个梦幻般的栖息地.
As it's damp,there are plenty of toads around. 由于天气潮湿,周围有很多蟾蜍.
I have to be careful where I put my hands here, 我把手放在这里要小心,
cos there's a big cowpat. 因为有一个大牛圈.
But this is a great time to come into the rhos pasture. 但这是进入rhos牧场的好时机.
I timed it to perfection,really. 我把它计时到完美,真的.
Because at the moment...If I can pick them up - come here,boy! 因为此刻...如果我能接他们-过来,孩子！
I'll pick one up,anyway.Look at that. 不管怎样,我还是去拿一个.你看.
There are thousands of little toadlets.And what's happened 有成千上万的小蟾蜍.发生了什么事
is that the adult toads would have spent the winter months 成年蟾蜍会在冬天度过吗？
in the woodland,in the hedgerows, 在林地里,在树篱里,
maybe even in the rhos pasture itself here, 也许甚至在这里的罗斯牧场,
at the base of all these rushes, 在所有这些灯芯草的底部,
they made their way down to the big pond,just down below me. 他们走到大池塘,就在我下面.
Oh,he's just jumped.Oh,he's on there,now. 他刚跳了.他现在在上面.
They've made their way down there. 他们已经下来了.
They've copulated and laid there, 他们交配并躺在那里,
and then the tadpoles have changed into little toadlets 然后蝌蚪变成了小蟾蜍
and all at once,they've emerged.They've come out of the water, 他们一下子就出现了.他们从水里出来了,
they've made their way back up into here, 他们又回到这里来了,
and the rhos pasture is perfect for them. rhos牧场对他们来说是完美的.
It's quite damp,but it's not too wet, 它很潮湿,但不太潮湿,
plenty of cover and there's a plethora of insects here, 有很多掩护,这里有很多昆虫,
which is what they eat.So they will fatten up here now for a few years, 这就是他们吃的东西.所以他们会在这里养肥几年,
they'll stay here,they'll stay in the hedgerows,in the woodland, 他们会留在这里,他们会留在树篱里,在林地里,
before they themselves eventually will make their way back down 在他们自己最终会退下来之前
and lay in that pond again.But the floor,I mean,they are everywhere, 又躺在那个池塘里.但是地板上到处都是,
there are thousands of them here. 这里有成千上万的人.
I'll let them get on with it. 我会让他们继续下去的.
Parts of Dare Valley Country Park are still being farmed. 达尔谷郊野公园的部分地区仍在耕种.
Merion Thomas has lived here 梅里恩*托马斯住在这里
all his life and has seen the valley transformed 他一生都看到山谷发生了变化
from mining to a country park. 从采矿到郊野公园.
Hello. 你好！.
All right,how are you? How are you? 好吧,你好吗？ 你好嗎？
Have you been around the sheep? Yes.Dogs look tired now,for you. 你一直在羊身边吗？ 是的.对你来说,狗现在看起来很累了.
Yes,they've to work hard. 是的,他们必须努力工作.
So,this is your land,is it? All around here? Yes,all around here. 这是你的土地,对吧？ 在这附近？ 是的,就在这附近.
And what have you got - just sheep,or cattle as well? 你有什么-只是羊,或牛呢？
Sheep,yes,there's cattle as well,there's horses. 羊,是的,还有牛,还有马.
So,when you were a young lad,let's say five years old, 所以,当你还是一个年轻的小伙子,让我们说五岁,
standing here with me,looking this way, 和我站在这里,朝这边看,
what would you have seen then? 那你会看到什么？
Oh,it's totally different. 完全不同.
There was a big massive tip here.So they took a lot of that away. 这里有一个很大的小费.所以他们拿走了很多.
They had the washery down by here 他们把洗衣店放在这里
and then they turned it into a country park. 然后他们把它变成了一个郊野公园.
How did you manage to farm,then? 那你是怎么种地的?
You had a colliery here,a colliery there, 你这里有一个煤矿,那里有一个煤矿,
you had all the spoil and everything - where did you farm? 你拥有所有的战利品和一切-你在哪里种田？
Well,we done the same. 我们也这么做了.
We used to have a shepherding pony. 我们以前有一匹放牧的小马.
We would go shepherding most days around the flock. 我们大部分时间都在羊群周围牧养.
You'd turn the flock back onto your own ground 你会让羊群回到你自己的土地上
and so would your neighbours do the same. 你的邻居也会这样做.
So this would be up on the hill,not on this low ground at all? 所以这是在山上,而不是在这个低地上？
No.No.But what happened then, 非也..非也..但后来发生了什么,
in the winter months,the sheep used to fall down 在冬天的几个月里,羊常常掉下来
for shelter in the valleys, 在山谷中避难,
and we used to feed them then on the fields. 我们过去常常在田里喂它们.
But the sheep were a lot hardier in them days, 但在他们的日子里,羊要硬得多,
they would live on the mountain. 他们会住在山上.
And you would have seen probably hundreds of people coming into work? 你可能会看到成百上千的人来上班？
Oh,yes,yes.What do you think of this? 哦,是的,是的.你觉得这个怎么样？
It's a park now. 现在是个公园了.
And seeing hundreds of people coming in and enjoying themselves, 看到成百上千的人进来玩得很开心,
would you rather have it like this? No.No? 你宁愿这样吗？ 非也..没有？
You'd rather have the mines back? 你宁愿把地雷还给我？
Well,there was so much community spirit then, 当时有很多社区精神,
where everybody knew everybody. 在那里每个人都认识每个人.
Nobody was depressed,because everybody knew everybody! 没有人感到沮丧,因为每个人都认识每个人！
And when the local colliers came up, 当当地的高力出现的时候,
you went to talk to them. 你去和他们谈谈了.
If it was very quiet on a Sunday,we could come down and have a shower, 如果星期天很安静,我们可以下来洗个澡,
which was fantastic! 太棒了！
Clearly,times and landscapes have changed and today the local people 显然,时代和风景已经改变,今天当地人
of Aberdare come here for leisure,not work. 亚伯达来这里是为了休闲,而不是工作.
The new lakes also attract wild visitors. 新的湖泊也吸引了野生游客.
The presence of herons and cormorants 苍鹭和鸬鹚的存在
indicate that this lake is full of fish. 表明这个湖上到处都是鱼.
The birds have become used to people. 鸟已经习惯了人.
In a wild location,you would never get such amazing close-up views. 在一个狂野的地方,你永远不会得到如此惊人的特写镜头.
The cormorant in particular is a stunning bird 特别是鸬鹚是一种令人惊叹的鸟
with beautiful,bright green eyes. 美丽的,明亮的绿色眼睛.
This one is panting to control its temperature. 这只正在气喘吁吁地控制它的温度.
His feathers are not waterproof, 他的羽毛不防水,
so he needs to literally hang them out to dry. 所以他需要把它们挂出来晾干.
This dabchick,or little grebe,has caught a stickleback. 这个dabchick,或小grebe,已经抓住了一个stickleback.
And the spines on the fish are causing problems. 鱼上的刺引起了问题.
The fish has to be repositioned for swallowing. 鱼必须重新定位以便吞咽.
These man-made pools are fantastic places for wildlife, 这些人造水池是野生动物的好去处,
all kinds of wildlife.Especially now in the autumn. 各种野生动物.特别是现在在秋天.
When you get a bit of sun like this,warm day, 当你得到一点阳光这样,温暖的一天,
you see dragonflies and damselflies. 你看到蜻蜓和少女.
There are fish in here as well.Small fish.I think I've seen 这里也有鱼.小鱼.我想我见过
sticklebacks in here,but I think it's mainly trout,cos this used to 粘在这里,但我认为它主要是鳟鱼,因为这曾经是
be a fishery,believe it or not.And the reason I've come in here 做一个渔业,信不信由你.我来这里的原因
is because there is a kingfisher hanging around this far shore. 是因为有一只翠鸟挂在这遥远的海岸附近.
Now,he's got perches all over the place. 现在,他到处都是栖身之所.
It's really difficult to pin him down.He was over here.He's moved 真的很难把他牵制住.他就在这里.他搬家了
along a bit,but if I watch from the bank,I'm a long,long way off. 虽然有点,但如果我从银行看,我还有很长很长的路要走.
So I'm going to venture about halfway out, 所以我要冒险走到一半,
see if I can get a better view of him. 看看我能不能更好地看到他.
These kingfishers,they won't nest here. 这些翠鸟,他们不会在这里筑巢的.
They'll nest elsewhere,probably on one of the major rivers further down 它们会在其他地方筑巢,可能在更远的一条主要河流上
because you've got no nesting banks, 因为你没有筑巢的银行,
there is no muddy bank for them to dig this hole in. 他们没有泥泞的银行可以挖这个洞.
But once they finish breeding,once the young have left, 但一旦他们完成繁殖,一旦年轻人离开了,
they'll come up here because they know that there is lots of perches, 他们会来这里,因为他们知道那里有很多栖木,
lots of fish here.So it's an ideal spot and,of course, 这里有很多鱼.所以这是一个理想的地点,当然,
if you get quite a bit of rain,the rivers will be fast flowing. 如果你得到相当多的雨,河流将快速流动.
They'll be silty. 它们会是粉质的.
Whereas this probably won't. 但这可能不会.
So it's a really good place for them,and even in winter, 所以这对他们来说是一个非常好的地方,即使在冬天也是如此,
and deep winter,if it gets really frosty,very icy,you get so many 而深冬,如果它变得非常寒冷,非常冰冷,你会得到这么多
people with dogs here and dogs coming into the water that 这里有狗的人,还有狗下水的人.
they're constantly breaking the ice,so no matter what the weather, 他们不断打破僵局,所以无论天气如何,
they can always fish.Great place for them. 他们总是可以钓鱼.他们的好地方.
There he goes,there he goes,though he goes! And back up again. 他去了,他去了,尽管他去了！ 然后再回来.
Oh,wow! 哦,哇！
Oh,and off he goes. 哦,他走了.
She,I should say.Wow! I watched that all the way down, 她,我应该说.哇塞! 我一路看着,
right into the water and all the way back up again and then she's gone 就在水里,然后又回到水里,然后她就走了
off around the corner over there.I say "she" because I could see 在那边拐角处.我说"她"是因为我能看见
a little bit of orange at the base of the bill here and... 这里的账单底部有一点橙色...
Beautiful,beautiful bird. 美丽,美丽的鸟.
And the amazing thing is,they've got this wonderful orange breast 令人惊奇的是,他们有一个漂亮的橙色乳房
and then blue,bright blue back, 然后是蓝色,明亮的蓝色背部,
but in the middle of the back they've got this line of 但在后面中间,他们有这条线.
the brightest blue in the whole of the animal kingdom, 整个动物王国里最亮的蓝色,
I would say.I mean,we're not in a tropical rainforest, 我会说.我是说,我们不是在热带雨林里,
we're not in the Amazon here,we're in a country park 我们不在亚马逊,我们在郊野公园
near Aberdare and there is a kingfisher here. 在亚伯达尔附近,这里有一只翠鸟.
It's absolutely brilliant.Where's it gone now? 真是太棒了.它现在去哪儿了？
The Dare Valley has completely been transformed 大胆谷彻底改造了
from an industrial landscape to a managed wild parkland. 从工业景观到管理的野生公园.
Even the few remaining visible remnants of coal mining 即使是煤炭开采的少数可见残留物
have largely been covered by plant growth. 很大程度上被植物生长所复盖.
I tell you,you wouldn't want to walk up here 25 years ago. 我告诉你,25年前你不会想走到这里的.
This would have looked... 看起来会这样...
very,very different then. 非常非常不同.
Nothing but...Well,no vegetation at all. 不过...好吧,根本没有植被.
Just a big...spoil heap. 只是一个大...糟蹋堆.
Bits of coal,bits of slag,just waste everywhere. 零碎的煤,零碎的渣,到处都是废物.
But look at it now.You can tell it's autumn,because the heather 但现在看看.你可以看出这是秋天,因为石南花
has just gone over.Few flowers,but most of it's gone over now. 刚刚过去.花很少,但现在大部分都花光了.
The bilberries - would have been full of bilberries,lovely eating, 越橘--会有很多越橘,吃起来很可爱,
of course.They've gone over. 當然..他们已经过去了.
And it's quiet and,on the surface at first,you might think, 它很安静,一开始你可能会想,
you know what,there's not much here, 你知道吗,这里不多,
but it's incredible what you do find underfoot. 但你在脚下发现的东西令人难以置信.
As I walk now,lots of insects coming up, 当我走的时候,很多昆虫出现了,
spiders scurrying away as well,and all of this,all the vegetation, 蜘蛛也在飞奔而去,所有这些,所有的植被,
the heather,the bilberry,the grasses,the mosses, 石南花,越橘,草,苔藓,
all the insects,has colonised completely naturally. 所有的昆虫,都是完全自然地殖民的.
It is covered everywhere.Just shows nature's amazing,really. 到处都是.只是显示了大自然的神奇,真的.
No matter what scars man leaves on the landscape, 不管人在风景上留下什么伤痕,
if you leave it alone,nature will claim it back in time. 如果你不去管它,大自然会及时收回它.
And,of course,if you get thousands of insects, 而且,当然,如果你得到成千上万的昆虫,
you're going to get predators and the most common ones here are 你会得到掠食者,这里最常见的是
the spiders,and look at this one.It's one of the orb web spiders. 蜘蛛,看看这个.它是圆球网蜘蛛之一.
You can tell because you've only got to look at the shape of the web, 你可以看出来,因为你只需要看看网络的形状,
the anchors and this concentric webbing in the middle here. 锚和这个同心织带在这里的中间.
And she's a female.She's a big old girl as well. 她是女性.她也是个大老姑娘.
And she's just caught a crane fly.One of the crane flies has flown in 她刚抓到一只鹤飞.一只鹤蝇飞了进来
here,she's come straight out from her little den in there, 在这里,她直接从她的小窝里出来了,
she's wound it up in the web. 她在网上结束了.
She'll probably leave it there,come back and eat it later on. 她可能会把它留在那里,过会儿再来吃.
But there will be literally thousands of them 但实际上会有成千上万的人
up here on this coal tip, 在这个煤尖上,
just hoovering up all of these insects. 把这些昆虫都抓起来.
Little cracker,too.Look at the size on that! 小饼干也是.看看那上面的尺寸！
There is a stunning view of the whole of the park 整个公园的景色美不胜收
almost from up here,high up on the Darren. 几乎从这里,高高的达伦.
And I think now in the autumn,it's at its beautiful best. 我想现在在秋天,它是最美丽的.
It's a time of change. 这是一个变化的时代.
You can feel the change in the air.It's much cooler. 你可以感受到空气中的变化.凉快多了.
You can see the change all around you, 你可以看到你周围的变化,
the leaves have gone beautiful reds and oranges and gold, 叶子变成了美丽的红色、橙色和金色,
and the bracken is just russety brown all over the landscape here. 这里的蕨类植物到处都是褐色的.
And,of course,this is a park that's seen huge changes from being 当然,这是一个公园,从现在开始就发生了巨大的变化
incredibly rural to industrial,the mines,the noise,the pollution... 令人难以置信的农村工业,矿山,噪音,污染...
It would have looked so,so different 它看起来会如此,如此不同
and now it's back to being a natural looking park once more. 现在它又回到了一个看起来很自然的公园.
I tell you what's lovely,is that there is a small rowan tree 我告诉你什么是可爱的,是有一棵小花楸树
just about 20,30 metres ahead of me here and it's full of berries. 就在我前面20到30米的地方,到处都是浆果.
Bright red berries.Acting like a magnet,drawing in birds. 鲜红的浆果.像磁铁一样吸引鸟儿
I've seen song thrush feeding there, 我见过宋画眉在那里吃东西,
there's been a small flock of fieldfares,goldfinch, 有一小群野牛,金翅雀,
but best of all,and very apt,is at this moment, 但最重要的,也是最恰当的,就是在这一刻,
there is a ring ouzel feeding on the berries,and I say it's apt because 这里有一只以浆果为食的环斑卷饼，我认为这很合适,
the ring ouzel is the emblem of the park. 因为环斑卷卷饼是公园的象征.
They haven't nested here for over a decade now, 他们已经有十多年没有在这里嵌套了,
but isn't it nice that a ring ouzel on its way from further north, 但是,从更远的北方来的一个环欧泽尔不是很好吗？,
down to North Africa,has seen fit to call in to the park to refuel? 下到北非,有没有看到适合打电话到公园加油？